Correlational analysis of freshwater management in Mexico: a study based on OECD data from 2010 to 2020

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20100190

Abstract

Freshwater is a vital resource for economic, social, and environmental development; however, its availability faces increasing pressures stemming from structural factors and rising demand. The objective of this study is to analyze the evolution of freshwater availability in Mexico during the period 2010–2020, as well as to evaluate the association between time and total gross freshwater withdrawal using data from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Methodologically, a quantitative approach with a descriptive-correlational design is adopted. A descriptive analysis of total freshwater availability was conducted, and Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the linear relationship between time and total gross freshwater withdrawal. Statistical significance was determined using the correlation coefficient test with R software. The results show a downward trend in total freshwater availability, as well as a strong positive association between time and total gross freshwater withdrawal. These findings suggest increasing pressure on water resources in Mexico. Furthermore, it is acknowledged that the study identifies statistical associations between the variables analyzed, without establishing causal relationships, which opens the possibility of future research aimed at delving deeper into the dynamics of water resources.